Simplifying Complicated Brain Anatomy

The brain is the organ that governs a person's thoughts. The brain also controls behavior, emotions, movements, and sensations in the body. The brain has a very important function and is supported by a complex work system. But you can understand brain anatomy more simply with the following explanation. The brain is one of the largest and most complex human organs and consists of more than 100 billion nerve cells. All these nerves are interrelated in the system that connects the brain to the whole body, a system that allows movement and reflexes to occur almost instantly.

Various Functions

The brain consists of several parts with different functions. Therefore, it is important for you to know the anatomy of the brain first, to be able to understand its function. The cerebrum or cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres. Under both hemispheres there is the cerebellum, called the cerebellum, which is connected to the brain stem that is connected to the spinal cord. The following explanation of the brain and its functions.

• Big brain

Cerebrum or cerebrum covers 85 percent of the brain. When humans think, including storing short and long term memory, the big brain that plays a role in the process. The cerebrum also regulates the movement of muscles that are consciously controlled. The large brain consists of the right and left hemispheres. The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body. Instead, the left part of the brain controls the right side of the body. Some important functions of the brain, such as language and speech processing, are in one hemisphere of the brain which will then become the dominant part. In other words, the dominant person who is active with the right hand uses the left brain more and vice versa. Each hemisphere of the brain has four main parts, namely:
-frontal globus located at the front. Its function is to control the way of thinking, making plans, organizing, problem solving, physical movement, and short-term memory.
-parietal globus located in the middle section is tasked with interpreting sensory information, such as taste, temperature, and touch sensation.
-The occipital globus, located at the back, is the part that processes the image from the eye and links the information to the memory in the brain.
-temporal globus on the side will process information from your sense of smell, taste and hearing. This part of the brain also has an important role in memory storage.


• Small brain

The task of the cerebellum or cerebellum is to control the coordination of limbs by receiving information from the cerebrum and the five senses, through the spinal cord. In addition to affecting limb movements, the cerebellum also maintains a balance in its ability to walk.

• Brain stem

Located under the cerebrum and in front of the cerebellum in the head. In controlling limb function, all nerve fibers connect the cerebral hemispheres to synergize with the cerebellum and also the spinal cord, passing through the brain stem. The area in the brain stem also controls several important things, such as awareness, heart rate, reflex movements, urinary movements, breathing, and blood pressure. The brain stem has a set of nerves that control various parts of the head and neck, specifically eye movements, facial sensations and movements, swallowing and coughing movements.

Supported Spinal Nerves

Although the brain acts as the main organ, in order to function properly, the brain requires many supporting nerves. A group of nerves that help the brain's performance accumulate in the spinal nerves protected by the spine. This system allows the brain to convey commands to the body. In the nervous system there are millions of neurons or nerve cells. Each nerve cell has small branches that lead outwards, making it possible to connect with other nerve cells. Nerve cells have two types of branches, namely dendrites and axons. Dendrites receive information, while axons carry information to other nerve cells or to muscle cells. Nerve cells have the ability to communicate efficiently and very quickly, because they are connected to one another. By the time the baby is born, the brain has nerve cells, but some are not connected to each other. When the baby starts learning, the message will travel from one nerve cell to another nerve cell continuously until then the brain starts creating connections between these nerve cells. This is what makes a person can do things better after several attempts.

Disorders of Brain Function

Brain function is very important. So if there is interference with the brain, it can affect a variety of body's performance. There are various things that can affect the brain to function optimally, including:

• Headache. Is one of the most common disorders. One of the most common types of complaints is tension headaches caused by muscles that tighten around the head, neck and shoulders. In addition, there are also migraines or severe headaches without apparent cause and can last for several hours to several days.
• Head injury. Head injuries can be injuries both externally and internally. External injuries only hurt the scalp. While internal injuries, can involve the skull, blood vessels in the head, and brain. Internal injuries can have a more serious impact than external injuries.
• Brain infection. Infection in the brain can be caused by bacteria as well as viruses. Inflammation due to infection of the membrane that encloses the brain and spinal cord is known as meningitis, and inflammation of the brain tissue is called encephalitis.
• Brain tumor. Is a growth of cells and abnormal tissue in the brain. Brain tumors can be benign or malignant. The symptoms may vary depending on the size and location of the brain tumor.
• Cerebral palsy. Or brain paralysis is a disorder of brain development that can occur while still in the womb or after birth. Disorders suffered affect motor areas in the brain and can also affect a person's intelligence level.
• Epilepsy. This condition can make a person experience seizures because it is caused by damage to the brain. Epilepsy involves certain areas of the brain, which can cause uncontrolled body movements.
• Psychiatric disease. Some psychiatric illnesses are associated with anatomical abnormalities or impaired chemical function in the brain. Brain injury and drug use or the influence of alcoholic beverages can cause such conditions.

So that the brain can continue to function optimally, there are several things that are worth doing, such as:
- Eat healthy foods, especially those containing antioxidants, potassium and calcium which are important for the nervous system.
- Exercise regularly.
- Foster good social relations.
- Enough rest.
- Wear a head protection helmet when doing risky sports or when riding a bicycle / motorcycle.
- Reducing alcoholic drinks.
- Avoiding drugs and not smoking.
- Routine activities that stimulate brain performance, such as reading, playing puzzles, playing musical instruments, brain gymnastics, or making artwork.
Remember, to avoid things that can harm the brain and more often do fun activities so that brain function remains optimal.